EVIDENCE LAB

Look closer at what we know.

Population, endpoint, and uncertainty belong beside every headline.

22 records
Randomized trial2024 issue

Rhythm & stroke

Annualized efficacy events: 0.78% with apixaban versus 1.24% with aspirin; major bleeding increased.

RESULT / RECORDBenefit + harm
Randomized trial25 August 2023

Rhythm & stroke

No significant reduction in the primary efficacy composite; more death or major bleeding in the safety composite.

RESULT / RECORDNeutral efficacy
Randomized trial7 February 2024

Rhythm & stroke

No significant reduction in recurrent stroke with apixaban.

RESULT / RECORDNeutral efficacy
Randomized trial2026

Rhythm & stroke

No benefit on the primary composite endpoint.

RESULT / RECORDNeutral efficacy
Randomized trial28 March 2026

Rhythm & stroke

Noninferiority for the efficacy composite and superiority for non-procedural bleeding.

RESULT / RECORDEndpoint-specific benefit
Observational9 November 2021

Stress & perception

Mental-stress-induced myocardial ischemia was associated with cardiovascular events.

RESULT / RECORDAssociation
Observational3 September 2015

Stress & perception

Physical triggers were more common than emotional triggers; some patients had no evident trigger. Serious complications occur.

RESULT / RECORDClinical characterization
Preclinical2023

Stress & perception

Increasing heart rate influenced behavior, with posterior insular cortex implicated.

RESULT / RECORDMechanistic signal
Randomized trial2019

Pressure & cognition

Mild cognitive impairment was reduced; probable dementia was not statistically conclusive.

RESULT / RECORDMixed
Randomized trial21 April 2025

Pressure & cognition

Risk ratio 0.85; 95% confidence interval 0.76–0.95. The intervention included supervised medication management and care support.

RESULT / RECORDBenefit
Randomized trialApril 2024

Heart failure

Functional status, exercise capacity, and quality-of-life benefits persisted; the primary hard-outcome endpoint was neutral.

RESULT / RECORDMixed
Randomized trial2016

Heart failure

The primary endpoint did not improve.

RESULT / RECORDNeutral efficacy
Randomized trial2016

Sleep & recovery

No major cardiovascular-event prevention benefit in the intention-to-treat analysis.

RESULT / RECORDNeutral efficacy
Mechanistic research30 October 2024

Sleep & recovery

Heart injury influenced brain immune signaling and sleep, suggesting a role in recovery.

RESULT / RECORDMechanistic signal
Randomized trial2024

Dysautonomia

A promising investigational signal for a specific population.

RESULT / RECORDEarly signal
Preclinical1 November 2023

Dysautonomia

NPY2R-expressing vagal sensory neurons were implicated in fainting mechanisms.

RESULT / RECORDMechanistic signal
Preclinical2026

Dysautonomia

New research identifies specific sensory pathways in circulatory defense.

RESULT / RECORDMechanistic signal
Randomized trial2020

Rhythm & stroke

AF burden was lower with active treatment in this small proof-of-concept study.

RESULT / RECORDEarly signal
Observational2024

Rhythm & stroke

Prospective observational evidence supports investigation in an acute specialist setting.

RESULT / RECORDEarly signal
Randomized trial24 April 2021

Rehabilitation

The pivotal trial supports paired stimulation in a defined rehabilitation population.

RESULT / RECORDFunctional benefit
Preclinical2026

Neuroimmune

A specific heart–brain neuroimmune circuit was identified and perturbed.

RESULT / RECORDMechanistic signal
Randomized trial2014

Sleep & recovery

CPAP reduced blood pressure relative to the comparator groups during the trial.

RESULT / RECORDIntermediate benefit